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OREGON
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Standard or
Definition
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OAR OREGON YOUTH AUTHORITY DIVISION 490 RESTRAINT AND ISOLATION
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Restraint
Definition
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“Restraints" are
devices designed to restrict and/or control an individual's movement,
including:
- "Therapeutic"
restraints specifically designed for medical or mental health treatment or
behavior modification applications.
- "Physical
force" means taking hold of or holding a person or causing a person to
move, stop, stay or be still, or be under immediate physical control of
another person.
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Restraint
Exclusions
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Exemptions: The following
types of procedures are part of ordinary and customary supervision of
offenders and are not subject to this rule:
- Security restraints
used to escort offenders between units within a facility or to transport
outside the secure perimeter of the facility.
- Administrative detention which separates an offender from the general
population for reasons other than behavioral intervention. Examples include
protective custody, intake processes, investigation or area searches, medical
purposes, or because of offender behavior related to OAR chapter 416,
division 470 (Oregon Youth Authority Youth Conduct, Incidents, and
Privileges). However, whenever offenders are placed in administrative
detention, staff shall follow facility procedures to ensure the safety and
well-being of offenders, including the conditions in isolation identified in
this rule.
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Chemical Restraint
Definition
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Chemical
agents which, when used, will disable individuals. The OYA prohibits its employees
from using chemical restraints.
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Seclusion
Definition
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"Seclusion" is
the removal of an offender from the general population by placing him/her in
a secure room designed for the purpose of resolving destructive offender
behavior that threatens the safety of persons and/or the security of the
facility.
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Seclusion
Exclusions
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- "Time-out"
is the separation of an individual offender from the general population for
the purpose of resolving minor offender misbehaviors. Such practice includes
the placement of an offender at a day room location (chair or table) or
sleeping area until an offender is able to manage his/her behavior.
- "Room
restriction" is the removal of an offender from the general population
and places him/her in an individual room (either the offender's individual
room or a multi-purpose room maintained on the living unit) for the purpose
of resolving more troublesome offender behavior. Exit from this room is
barred by verbal order from staff, giving the offender an opportunity to
self-regulate his/her behavior.
- "Locked room
restriction" means the placement of an offender in a room (either the
offender's individual room or a multi-purpose room maintained on the living
unit) with exit barred by mechanical room lock.
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Criteria for Restraint
and Seclusion
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When
intervention is necessary, staff shall assess the situation to determine the
most appropriate type of intervention. This assessment process includes:
- A determination of the likelihood for harm to persons, including violent behavior
that puts persons or facility security at immediate risk;
- The risk of physical harm and/or discomfort to the offender accompanying the
method of intervention, including the offender's mental health status and/or
medical condition;
- The offender's reaction to intervention methods; and
- A team approach that represents offender treatment and facility security
components working together.
Isolation:
- The goal of this intervention is to give the offender an opportunity to self-regulate
his/her behavior and return to the group as soon as possible.
- Isolation may not be used as punishment, as a convenience or substitute for staff
supervision, or a substitute for individualized treatment.
When staff assess that
isolation is necessary to control a situation, they shall use only the least
restrictive type of isolation for only so long as necessary for the offender
to regain self control and return to a less restrictive setting.
If staff
determine a seclusion placement is unavoidable, the following actions are
required.
- Staff shall
request that the offender go voluntarily.
- In some
situations, staff may assess that the appropriate level of intervention
requires the placement of the offender in restraint devices. Only therapeutic
restraints may be used within seclusion, as defined by this rule.
In all
instances the following restraint devices or techniques are prohibited within
OYA facilities:
- The placement of an offender in a prone position with arm(s) and leg(s)
restrained behind the back ("hogtie" position);
- Body positions or techniques that are designed to inflict physical pain,
undue physical discomfort, or to restrict blood circulation or breathing.
- Restraint in unnatural positions;
- The use of restraint to punish offenders, or as a convenience to or
substitute for staff supervision.
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Monitoring
Requirements
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Staff shall
constantly monitor the offender and conduct in-person checks every 15 minutes
and record the findings. If an offender is placed in seclusion due to suicide
risk, staff shall follow the OYA suicide prevention policy standards for
monitoring.
Staff shall keep offenders
under constant visual supervision and record findings every 5 minutes.
Staff shall
monitor offenders placed in restraint every 15 minutes if an offender is
placed out of sight of the group population, and document findings.
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Ordering and
Initiation
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The facility
Superintendent/Camp Director shall designate certain persons within the
facility who are authorized to make the decision to place an offender in
restraints.
The facility
Superintendent/Camp Director shall designate certain staff with the authority
to place an offender in seclusion. These staff will consider whether or not
less restrictive alternative consequences would be more appropriate in light
of the offender's conduct, and the effect of the offender's behavior on
persons in the area where the offensive behavior was committed.
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In-person
Assessment
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The following assessments are required:
- Daily health
evaluations by qualified health care professionals to check for injury and
mental status, and to determine whether the individual offender needs more
frequent staff contact.
- Evaluations by
qualified health care professionals including interview and assessment of
disturbances in mental status for prolonged seclusion for two hours or more.
- Within the
first 15 minutes of restraint placement, as well as each additional 15
minutes following, staff shall conduct medical checks for circulation and/or
nerve damage, or airway obstruction.
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Debriefing
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If possible,
the staff responsible for the decision to place the offender in seclusion
shall interview the offender prior to placement to get his/her version of the
incident. If it is not practicable to do this prior to a seclusion placement,
in all cases the designated staff shall grant the offender an interview after
placement.
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Family &
Guardian Notification
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None.
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Notification of
Rights and Restraint and Seclusion Policies and Procedures at admission
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None specified.
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Training
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None.
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Documentation
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Staff shall
complete a Special Incident Report including the time, date, and reasons for
seclusion placement. This report shall be reviewed by facility
administration. If there are any incidents that seem excessive or
inappropriate, administrative staff shall investigate or order than an
investigation be completed.
Log entries shall be made
listing the name of the offender, date and time of restraint, offender's
behavior at the time, who authorized the restraint, and notation of all
visual checks. This documentation shall be placed in the offender file.
Each facility
shall also maintain a chronological log of restraint application, listing the
name of the offender, time and date of restraint.
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Reporting
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Staff shall
complete a Special Incident Report. Facility administration and medical staff
shall review these reports. If there are any incidents that seem excessive or
inappropriate, administrative staff shall investigate cause an investigation
to be completed.
The OYA shall
approve all restraint devices or techniques prior to their use within OYA
facilities.
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Quality Improvement
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None.
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